Renting Out a House to a New Tenant: A Landlord’s Guide in Nigeria

Renting out a house to a new tenant in Nigeria requires careful planning, thorough vetting, and adherence to legal requirements. As a landlord, ensuring that you have a trustworthy tenant while avoiding scams from agents is crucial. Below are key things to focus on before handing over your property.

                        Key Considerations Before Renting Out Your Property

1. Conduct Proper Background Checks

A tenant’s ability to pay rent is important, but their character and credibility matter just as much. Consider the following:

  • Request valid identification (National ID, International Passport, Driver’s License, or Voter’s Card).
  • Ask for proof of stable income (employment letter, business registration for self-employed individuals, or bank statements).
  • Contact previous landlords for references if possible.
  • Conduct social media or online checks to verify identity and lifestyle consistency.

 

2. Inspect and Maintain the Property

Ensure your property is in good condition before putting it up for rent:

  • Check for plumbing, electrical, and structural issues.
  • Ensure security measures are in place (strong doors, burglary-proof windows, CCTV if applicable).
  • Verify that all utility bills are up to date.
  • If necessary, repaint or make minor renovations to enhance appeal.

 

3. Draft a Legally Binding Tenancy Agreement

A well-drafted agreement protects both parties and minimizes disputes. Your tenancy agreement should include:

  • Rent amount, payment structure, and due dates.
  • Security deposit terms and refund conditions.
  • Duration of tenancy and renewal terms.
  • Maintenance responsibilities (who handles repairs?).
  • Termination clauses and eviction conditions.
  • A clause prohibiting illegal activities.

 

                               Questions to Ask a Potential Tenant

  • What is your source of income, and how stable is it?
  • Have you rented before? If yes, can we contact your previous landlord?
  • How many people will be living in the house?
  • Do you have pets, and are they allowed under the property rules?
  • Do you have any specific requests before moving in?

 

                               Avoiding Scams by Agents and Tenants

Fraud is a major concern when dealing with rental properties. Here’s how to safeguard yourself:

For Landlords:

  • Work with trusted and verified agents or real estate platforms.
  • Never accept partial payments as a commitment unless agreed in writing.
  • Always collect rent and deposits through traceable payment methods.
  • Meet potential tenants in person and conduct necessary due diligence.

For Tenants:

  • Ensure you are dealing with the real owner or a legally authorized agent.
  • Avoid making payments without a signed and verified tenancy agreement.
  • Verify the property physically before making any financial commitments.
  • Request for receipts for all payments made.

 

                                Legal Considerations for Landlords in Nigeria

The Tenancy Laws vary by state, but common provisions include:

  • Landlords must give tenants proper notice before eviction.
  • Rent increments must follow agreed terms or legal requirements.
  • Security deposits should be refunded if no damages occur.
  • Tenants have the right to peaceful enjoyment of the property without harassment.

                                Final Thoughts

Renting out your property in Nigeria can be profitable when handled correctly. By carefully vetting tenants, drafting solid agreements, and staying informed about legal obligations, you can minimize risks and ensure a smooth landlord-tenant relationship.

Whether you are a landlord or a tenant, due diligence is key to avoiding scams and disputes. Stay informed, document every transaction, and seek legal advice when necessary.